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Mary Wollstonecraft, “Ithuriel,” and the Rise of the Feminist Author-Ghost

Devoney Looser, Arizona State University
Vol. 35, No. 1 (Spring 2016), 59-91

This essay considers the ways in which pioneering eighteenth-century feminist Mary Wollstonecraft has been imagined as speaking from beyond the grave. It considers what the undead Wollstonecraft means—and has meant—to the histories of literature and feminism. Examining representations of Wollstonecraft alongside those of other eighteenth-century author-shades, the essay demonstrates that Wollstonecraft’s ghostly renderings have important resonances with those of her male literary predecessors as well as implications for how and why modern feminists came to be “haunted” by her. The last section of the essay examines an unpublished 1798 fictional manuscript, “Ithuriel,” located among the papers of historical novelist Jane Porter. “Ithuriel” depicts Wollstonecraft as a speaking spirit in conversation with other celebrated dead women. This previously unknown text (published as an appendix to this essay) shows us the instantiation of Wollstonecraft’s specter, born out of a particular moment in the late eighteenthcentury development of professional authorship and literature and at a watershed moment for early modern feminism.

This entry was posted on June 24, 2016, in Abstract.

Unsold Peony: The Life and Poetry of Daoist Priestess-Poet Yu Xuanji of Tang China

Jinhua Jia, University of Macau
Vol. 35, No. 1 (Spring 2016), 25-57

This article takes an interdisciplinary approach to a comprehensive examination of the life, poetry, and subjectivity of the Daoist priestess-poet Yu Xuanji of Tang China. It begins with a philological study and textual analysis that reconstructs Yu’s life and psychological experience. Through close readings of her poems, interpretations of their images and symbols, and analyses of their syntax and structure, the article then undertakes a nuanced interpretation of Yu’s works that reveals her strong subjectivity and acknowledges her poetic achievements. By situating her work within its cultural-religious contexts and applying a feminist and gender critical lens to her writings, the article also foregrounds Yu’s gender awareness and agency as a Daoist priestess and dispels the false label of “courtesan” placed on her by discourses of later ages.

This entry was posted on June 24, 2016, in Abstract.

In Memoriam: Joseph A. Kestner

Joseph A. Kestner, an important figure in the early years of Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature, died on 24 August 2015, at his home in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He was seventy-one. He was an internationally recognized scholar of Victorian literature and art, adventure and detective fiction, and the interdisciplinary ties among the novel, film, painting, and opera. During his thirty-seven years with the University of Tulsa, where he was McFarlin Professor of English and Professor of Film Studies, he inspired colleagues and students with his learning, wit, and joie de vivre. His remarkable gifts for lecturing and mentoring earned him numerous teaching awards, including Oklahoma Professor of the Year, given by the Council for Advancement and Support of Education, and the University of Tulsa’s prestigious Outstanding Teacher Award. His unbounded vitality and generosity made him a beloved teacher, colleague, friend, and community leader.

An untiring scholar, Kestner published more than a hundred books, articles, and essays, and he lectured frequently in the United States and abroad. With the rare ability to turn old and new enthusiasms into lasting scholarly contributions, he wrote and spoke prolifically on topics as diverse as Jane Austen, Pre-Raphaelite painting, narrative theory, Italian and German opera, James Joyce, Sherlock Holmes, and the British female detective. He had the unique capacity to teach and delight readers of all kinds; whether appearing in Papers on Language and Literature or in Opera News, his articles brought freshness and insight to his chosen subject. He was invited to lecture at many prestigious international venues, including the City Art Gallery in Leeds and the Tate Gallery in London. At the height of his career as a literary scholar, he decided to pursue his passion for film and film genres and was instrumental in establishing the Film Studies major and department at the University of Tulsa. This endeavor provided him with new outlets for mentoring. In addition to preparing numerous doctoral candidates for careers in literature departments, he devoted himself to helping undergraduates obtain internships and other positions in film and related professions.

Born in Horton, Kansas, and raised in Albany, New York, Kestner earned his Bachelor of Arts from the University of New York, Albany, and his Master of Arts and Doctorate from Columbia University, where he devoted equal study to English literature and to classical languages and culture. After appointments at Princeton University and the City University of New York, he came to the University of Tulsa in 1978 and immediately established himself as a dynamic scholar, teacher, and dissertation advisor. His teaching style combined profound learning, irresistible wit and entertainment, and a booming voice with which he captivated audiences numbering in the hundreds as well as small graduate seminars. One could easily audit any of his courses by simply standing outside the closed door of his classroom. He exuded what his students called “Kestnerian energy,” and everyone who knew him profited from that exuberance.

Kestner was as beloved in the Tulsa community as he was at the University of Tulsa. For many years, he served on the Tulsa Opera Board and acted in numerous capacities with that organization, including as Vice-President for Production. He played significant roles in Tulsa’s Cinema Arts Foundation, the Tulsa Public Library, the Oklahoma Arts Institute, the Puccini Society, and other organizations. His immensely popular lectures consistently drew crowds. A noted scholar of the Sherlock Holmes novels and stories, Kestner was a favorite speaker at events of the Afghanistan Perceivers of Oklahoma, an organization of Holmes enthusiasts. He was scheduled to give a talk before the Baker Street Irregulars, a prestigious international Holmes society, in New York in January 2016. He was married to Anna Norberg, a concert pianist and long-time faculty member in the University of Tulsa’s School of Music.

Kestner was a vital supporter and frequent contributor to two academic journals published by the University of Tulsa—Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature and the James Joyce Quarterly. His role in sustaining Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature from 1986 to 1988, when the journal was between editors, was pivotal. As chair of the Department of English, he encouraged his Columbia graduate school friend Nina Auerbach, a widely acclaimed feminist scholar and professor at the University of Pennsylvania, to be a guest editor of the journal during this interim period. Auerbach’s editorship of Volume 6, No. 2, provided exciting opportunities for University of Tulsa graduate editorial interns and underscored the importance of the journal to the academic feminist community. As Holly Laird became editor in 1988, followed by Laura Stevens in 2006 and Jennifer Airey in 2014, Kestner continued to make significant contributions to Tulsa Studies. He wrote insightful and prompt evaluations of many manuscripts and published reviews of notable books, including The Oxford Guide to British Women Writers and The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction. However, of his many and varied exceptional contributions, none was greater than his unfailing encouragement of future feminist scholars and of the field of women’s studies in general. Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature is deeply indebted to Kestner as a friend and advocate.

Kestner joined the editorial board of the James Joyce Quarterly in 1992 and published five articles, two translations, and several notes and book reviews beginning in 1972 and culminating with his masterly examination of the depiction of Victorian battle art in Ulysses in 2004. His essays were usually accompanied by provocative and informative images, representing his deep interest in art and film; his article “Youth by the Sea: The Ephebe in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Ulysses” included twelve artworks by such masters as Frederick Walker, Frederic Leighton, and Thomas Eakins. He was an incisive reader for the journal for many years, and his dynamic personality came across even in written opinions where a large, black “Yes!” would indicate his decided approval. He qualified, in everyone’s opinion, as a deeply respected Joycean.

Kestner was, in Joyce’s word from Ulysses, an “allroundman”—a protean figure and the kind of teacher, mentor, and friend who will always be remembered and deeply missed.

Articles, Spring 2016, Vol. 35, No. 1

Unsold Peony: The Life and Poetry of Daoist Priestess-Poet Yu Xuanji of Tang China, 25-57 [abstract]
Jinhua Jia

Mary Wollstonecraft, “Ithuriel,” and the Rise of the Feminist Author-Ghost, 59-91 [abstract]
Devoney Looser

Maria Edgeworth on Citizenship: Rousseau, Darwin, and Feminist Pessimism in Practical Education, 93-122 [abstract]
Anne Chandler

Paper Bodies: Letter and Letter Writing in the Early American Novel, 123-144 [abstract]
Kacy Tillman

“A tangled web of mindfuck”: Andrea Dworkin and the Truth of Pornography, 145-171 [abstract]
Magnus Ullén

“I got self, pencil, and notebook”: Literacy and Maternal Desire in Sapphire’s PUSH, 173-199 [abstract]
Marlo D. David

Viewing Feminist Autobiography through a Spatial Lens: A Comparative Approach to Seyran Ateş’s Große Reise ins Feuer, 201-227 [abstract]
Johanna Schuster-Craig

This entry was posted on June 21, 2016, in Articles.

Spring 2016, Vol. 35, No. 1

From the Editor: Women Visible, 7-20 [full preface]
Laura M. Stevens

In Memoriam: Joseph A. Kestner, 21-23 [full text]

Articles

Unsold Peony: The Life and Poetry of Daoist Priestess-Poet Yu Xuanji of Tang China, 25-57 [abstract]
Jinhua Jia

Mary Wollstonecraft, “Ithuriel,” and the Rise of the Feminist Author-Ghost, 59-91 [abstract]
Devoney Looser

Maria Edgeworth on Citizenship: Rousseau, Darwin, and Feminist Pessimism in Practical Education, 93-122 [abstract]
Anne Chandler

Paper Bodies: Letter and Letter Writing in the Early American Novel, 123-144 [abstract]
Kacy Tillman

“A tangled web of mindfuck”: Andrea Dworkin and the Truth of Pornography, 145-171 [abstract]
Magnus Ullén

“I got self, pencil, and notebook”: Literacy and Maternal Desire in Sapphire’s PUSH, 173-199 [abstract]
Marlo D. David

Viewing Feminist Autobiography through a Spatial Lens: A Comparative Approach to Seyran Ateş’s Große Reise ins Feuer, 201-227 [abstract]
Johanna Schuster-Craig

Archives

Seventy-Three Uncollected Short Works by Rebecca Harding Davis: A Bibliography, 229-252
Zachary Turpin

Notes

Shoshana Shababo: The First Sephardic Female Writer in Israel Between Rejection and Acceptance, 253-263
Adi Isha

Reviews

Women’s Voices in Tudor Wills, 1485-1603: Authority, Influence, and Material Culture, by Susan E. James, 265-267
Patricia Phillippy

Grief and Women Writers in the English Renaissance, by Elizabeth Hodgson, 267-268
Marion Wynne-Davies

Phillis Wheatley’s Miltonic Poetics, by Paula Loscocco, 269-271
Mary McAleer Balkun

Bluestocking Feminism and British-German Cultural Transfer, 1750-1837, by Alessa Johns, 271-273
Kirsten Belgum

A Feminine Enlightenment: British Women Writers and the Philosophy of Progress, 1759-1820, by JoEllen DeLucia, 273-275
E. J. Clery

Jane Austen and Animals, by Barbara K. Seeber. Jane Austen’s Erotic Advice, by Sarah Raff, 275-278
Linda V. Troost

Elizabeth Robins Pennell, Nineteenth-Century Pioneer of Modern Art Criticism, by Kimberly Morse Jones, 278-281
Carol Hanbery MacKay

The Lesbian Muse and Poetic Identity, 1889-1930, by Sarah Parker, 281-283
Pearl Chaozon Bauer

Modernist Voyages: Colonial Women Writers in London, 1890-1945, by Anna Snaith, 283-286
David Farley

Love and Liberation: Autobiographical Writings of the Tibetan Buddhist Visionary Sera Khandro, by Sarah H. Jacoby, 286-288
Karma Lekshe Tsomo

Unarrested Archives: Case Studies in Twentieth-Century Canadian Women’s Authorship, by Linda M. Morra, 288-291
Tanis MacDonald

Changing the Subject: Writing Women across the African Diaspora, by K. Merinda Simmons, 291-294
Stephanie Hankinson

Critical Appropriations: African American Women and the Construction of Transnational Identity, by Simone C. Drake, 294-296
Shalini Nadaswaran

Erotic Infidelities: Love and Enchantment in Angela Carter’s “The Bloody Chamber, by Kimberly J. Lau, 296-297
Merja Makinen

Two Confessions, by María Zambrano and Rosa Chacel, translated from Spanish by Noël Valis and Carol Maier, 298-300
Daniela Omlor

Bridging the Divide: The Selected Poems of Hava Pinhas-Cohen, translated from Hebrew by Sharon Hart-Green, 300-302
Ofra Yeglin